安科瑞  陳聰 周潔

?摘要：介紹埃塞俄比亞阿瓦薩工業(yè)園區(qū)項(xiàng)目，采用智能電力儀表、采集配電現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的各種電參量和開關(guān)信號(hào)。系統(tǒng)采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)就地組網(wǎng)的方式，組網(wǎng)后通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線通訊并遠(yuǎn)傳至后臺(tái)，通過(guò)電力管理系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)變電所用電的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和管理。

??Abstract: Introduce of Hawassa industrial park project, which adopts intelligent power meters to collect various electrical parameters and switch signals at the distribution site. The system adopts the method of on-site networking. After networking, it communicates through the field bus and transmits it to the background. The power management system realizes real-time monitoring and management of the power consumption of the substation.

??關(guān)鍵詞：智能電力儀表;配電室;電力管理系統(tǒng)

??Keywords: smart power meter; power distribution room; power management system

??0 概述Overview

??阿瓦薩工業(yè)園區(qū)位于非州埃塞俄比亞。

??本項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)場(chǎng)10KV配電室AH1~AH14柜內(nèi)的微機(jī)保護(hù)、電能表等，監(jiān)測(cè)其供配電系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中的實(shí)時(shí)電參量等數(shù)據(jù)。

??Hawassa Industrial Park is located in Ethiopia, Africa。

??The protection device, electric energy meter, etc. in the AH1~AH14 cabinets of the 10KV power distribution room at the project site monitor the real-time electrical parameters and other data of the power supply and distribution system during operation.

??1 需求分析Demand analysis

??解決方案：

??1)10kV/35kV變電站綜合自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)；

??2)配網(wǎng)開關(guān)站智能監(jiān)控后臺(tái)系統(tǒng)；

??3)用電需求側(cè)協(xié)調(diào)控制平臺(tái)。

??solution:

??1) 10kV/35kV substation integrated automation system;

??2) Intelligent monitoring background system of distribution network switch station;

??3) Coordinated control platform on the demand side of electricity

??為保證生產(chǎn)管理用電負(fù)荷的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析及對(duì)危險(xiǎn)源實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。需要對(duì)項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的配電箱內(nèi)進(jìn)線及出線回路進(jìn)行電壓(U)、電流(I)、功率(P)等參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)在線監(jiān)控。一旦監(jiān)控點(diǎn)被監(jiān)視參數(shù)異常，能夠及時(shí)檢測(cè)報(bào)警，有關(guān)人員采取必要的措施，避免安全事故的發(fā)生。自動(dòng)抄表功能節(jié)省了人力物力，功率趨勢(shì)曲線功能能夠直觀的顯示各回路的工作狀態(tài)與時(shí)間，方便用戶找出非正常用電回路并且及時(shí)進(jìn)行整改，建立電能多級(jí)計(jì)量體系提供用能分析依據(jù)。

??To ensure the statistics and analysis of electricity load for production management and real-time monitoring of hazard sources. It is necessary to conduct real-time online monitoring of parameters such as voltage (U), current (I), and power (P) in the incoming and outgoing circuit of the distribution box at the project site. Once the monitoring point is monitored with abnormal parameters, it can detect and alarm in time, and relevant personnel can take necessary measures to avoid safety accidents. The automatic meter reading function saves manpower and material resources. The power trend curve function can intuitively display the working status and time of each circuit, which is convenient for users to find abnormal power circuits and make corrections in time, and establish a multi-level electrical energy measurement system to provide energy analysis basis .

??供方產(chǎn)品應(yīng)具有高安全性與可靠性、易于擴(kuò)展、便于維修與維護(hù)。供方提供的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)至少滿足本技術(shù)條件，但不僅于此，其技術(shù)性能應(yīng)滿足對(duì)配電箱數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)控的要求。

??The supplier's products should have high safety and reliability, easy to expand, easy to repair and maintain. The products provided by the supplier shall meet the technical requirements at least, but not only this, but the technical performance shall meet the requirements for data monitoring of the distribution box.

??2  系統(tǒng)方案System solutions

??安科瑞Acrel-2000系統(tǒng)根據(jù)項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況，整體網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)采用屏蔽雙絞線直接接至數(shù)據(jù)采集器然后通過(guò)網(wǎng)線直接接至值班室的監(jiān)控主機(jī)，保障了電力管理監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)傳輸?shù)姆€(wěn)定性與實(shí)時(shí)性。

??According to the actual situation of the project, the Acrel-2000 system uses a shielded twisted pair cable to directly connect to the data collector and then directly connect to the monitoring host in the duty room through a network cable. , To ensure the stability and real-time transmission of the power management monitoring system.

??1）站控管理層Station control management

??站控管理層針對(duì)電力監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的管理人員，是人機(jī)交互的直接窗口。在此項(xiàng)目中主要指配電室的監(jiān)控主機(jī)。

??The station control management layer is the direct window of human-computer interaction for the management personnel of the power monitoring system. In this project, it mainly refers to the monitoring host of the power distribution room.

??2）網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊層Network communication layer

??通訊層主要是由采集器、以太網(wǎng)設(shè)備及總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)組成。通訊管理機(jī)主要功能是監(jiān)測(cè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)智能儀表；以太網(wǎng)設(shè)備及總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的主要功能是實(shí)現(xiàn)分站與主站之間的數(shù)據(jù)交互，使配電系統(tǒng)管理集中化、信息化、智能化，很大提高了配電系統(tǒng)的安全性、可靠性和穩(wěn)定性，達(dá)到了無(wú)人值守的目的。

??The communication layer is mainly composed of collectors, Ethernet devices and bus networks. The main function of the communication management machine is to monitor the on-site intelligent instruments; the main function of the Ethernet equipment and the bus network is to realize the data interaction between the substation and the main station, so that the management of the distribution system is centralized, informatized, and intelligent, which greatly improves This improves the safety, reliability and stability of the power distribution system, and achieves the goal of unattended operation.

??本項(xiàng)目采用安科瑞自研通訊管理機(jī)ANet-2E8S1，提供2路10/100M以太網(wǎng)接口，8路光耦隔離RS485 和1路RS232(調(diào)試口)，可支持256臺(tái)計(jì)量設(shè)備。

??This project uses Acrel's self-developed communication management machine ANet-2E8S1, which provides 2 10/100M Ethernet interfaces, 8 optocoupler isolation RS485 and 1 RS232 (debugging port), which can support 256 metering devices.

??通訊管理機(jī)Communication management machine

??ANet智能通信管理機(jī)提供豐富的規(guī)約庫(kù)支持，實(shí)現(xiàn)不同二次設(shè)備供應(yīng)商的智能設(shè)備互聯(lián)。

??ANet intelligent communication management machine provides rich protocol library support to realize the interconnection of intelligent equipment of different secondary equipment suppliers.

??3）現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備層Field device layer

??現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備層是數(shù)據(jù)采集終端，主要由微機(jī)保護(hù)和智能儀表組成，智能儀表通過(guò)屏蔽雙絞線RS485接口，采用MODBUS通訊協(xié)議總線型連接接入通訊服務(wù)器，經(jīng)通訊服務(wù)器到達(dá)該配電間監(jiān)控主機(jī)進(jìn)行組網(wǎng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程控制。

??The field device layer is the data acquisition terminal, which is mainly composed of microcomputer protection and smart meters. The smart meters are connected to the communication server through the shielded twisted pair RS485 interface and the MODBUS communication protocol bus connection. The communication server reaches the monitoring host of the power distribution room. Networking to realize remote control.

??本項(xiàng)目采用安科瑞微機(jī)線路保護(hù)測(cè)控裝置AM5-F和嵌入式安裝電能計(jì)量裝置AEM96。

??This project uses Acrel's microcomputer line protection and measurement device AM5-F and embedded installation electric energy metering device AEM96.

AM5-F                   AEM96

??3  系統(tǒng)功能System functions

??實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)圖為主監(jiān)控畫面，主要實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)變電所所有回路的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。

??The real-time monitoring system diagram is the main monitoring screen, which mainly monitors the operating status of all circuits in the substation in real time. .

??遙信和遙測(cè)報(bào)警功能，主要完成對(duì)低壓各出線回路的開關(guān)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和負(fù)載進(jìn)線監(jiān)控，對(duì)開關(guān)變位和負(fù)載越限彈出報(bào)警界面指示具體的報(bào)警位置并聲音報(bào)警，提醒值班人員及時(shí)處理。負(fù)載越限值在相應(yīng)權(quán)限下可自由設(shè)置。

??The remote signaling and remote measurement alarm functions mainly complete the monitoring of the switch operation status of the low-voltage outlet circuits and the load incoming line. The pop-up alarm interface for switch displacement and load limit violations indicates the specific alarm location and sounds the alarm to remind the duty personnel to deal with it in time. The load limit can be set freely under the corresponding authority.

??事件告警記錄功能，主要完成對(duì)查詢時(shí)間段內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的報(bào)警信息事件記錄以及發(fā)生時(shí)間，為值班人員提供依據(jù)并且分析事故發(fā)生的原因，如下圖所示：

??The event alarm record function mainly completes the record of the alarm information and the occurrence time of the alarm information that occurred during the query time period, and provides the basis for the staff on duty and analyzes the cause of the accident, as shown in the following figure:

??參數(shù)抄表功能，主要對(duì)低壓各出線回路的電參數(shù)進(jìn)線查詢。支持任意時(shí)刻電參數(shù)查詢，具備數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出和報(bào)表打印等功能。該報(bào)表查詢項(xiàng)目配電箱進(jìn)出線各低壓回路的電參數(shù)，主要包括：三相電流、有功功率和有功電度。該報(bào)表各回路名稱和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)關(guān)聯(lián)，方便用戶修改回路名稱。

??Parameter meter reading function, mainly to query the electrical parameters of the low-voltage outgoing circuit. Supports electrical parameter query at any time, with functions such as data export and report printing. This report queries the electrical parameters of each low-voltage circuit of the inlet and outlet lines of the distribution box of this project, mainly including: three-phase current, active power and active energy. The name of each circuit in this report is associated with the database, which is convenient for users to modify the name of the circuit.

??用電量報(bào)表功能，可選擇時(shí)間段進(jìn)行查詢，支持任意時(shí)間段電度累計(jì)查詢，具備數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出和報(bào)表打印等功能。為值班人員提供了確可靠的電能報(bào)表。該報(bào)表各回路名稱和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)關(guān)聯(lián)，方便用戶修改回路名稱。如下圖所示，用戶可以直接打印報(bào)表，可以以EXCEL格式另存到其他位置。

??The power consumption report function can select the time period for query, supports the cumulative query of the power consumption at any time period, and has the functions of data export and report printing. Provide reliable electric energy report for the staff on duty. The name of each circuit in this report is associated with the database, which is convenient for users to modify the name of the circuit. As shown in the figure below, the user can print the report directly, and save it to another location in EXCEL format.

??4  結(jié)束語(yǔ)Concluding

??在當(dāng)今配電設(shè)施的應(yīng)用中，項(xiàng)目的配電安全性至關(guān)重要，本文介紹的電力管理系統(tǒng)在阿瓦薩工業(yè)園區(qū)項(xiàng)目的應(yīng)用，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)變電所配電回路用電的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控，不僅能顯示回路用電狀況，還具有網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊功能，可以與通訊管理機(jī)、計(jì)算機(jī)等組成電力管理系統(tǒng)。

??In the application of today’s power distribution facilities, the safety of the project’s power distribution is of paramount importance. The power management system introduced in this article is applied to the Hawassa industrial park project, which can realize power distribution in substations. The real-time monitoring of loop power consumption can not only display loop power consumption status, but also has network communication function, which can form a power management system with communication management machines and computers.

??系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)采集數(shù)據(jù)的分析、處理，實(shí)時(shí)顯示配電室內(nèi)各配電回路的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，對(duì)負(fù)載越限具有彈出報(bào)警對(duì)話框、語(yǔ)音提示，并生成各種電能報(bào)表、分析曲線、圖形等，便于電能的遠(yuǎn)程抄表以及分析、研究，該系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行安全、可靠、穩(wěn)定，為項(xiàng)目解決用電問(wèn)題提供了真實(shí)可靠的依據(jù)，取得了較好的效益。

??The system realizes the analysis and processing of the collected data, real-time display of the operating status of each distribution circuit in the power distribution room, pop-up alarm dialog box, voice prompts for load exceeding limit, and generates various electric energy reports, analysis curves, graphics, etc., which is convenient The remote meter reading, analysis and research of electric energy show that the system is safe, reliable and stable, which provides a real and reliable basis for the project to solve electricity problems, and has achieved good benefits.